AP Water Intelligence
Andhra Pradesh Groundwater Assessment

Mandal Insights

APWRIMS-format readings fused with NASA/NDMC GRACE-DA satellite-model signals.

Prototype. Prototype results do not replace official field measurements or APWRIMS outputs.
OverviewMandal InsightsDurgi

Durgi Mandal

Palnadu District · 137 observation months
StressModerate ConfidenceCGWB 2024Safe Back to map
Historical Median Depth
12.32 mbgl
Available history / latest 2026-09
Observation Months
137
APWRIMS (AP-GWD)
NASA GW Percentile
5.8
Very Dry
Root-Zone Moisture
0.4
Very Dry
Surface Moisture
0.4
Very Dry
Overall Agreement
Decline without positive climate balance
Data Completeness
V2
Moderate
Rainfall Context
157.6 mm
CHIRPS · Sep 2026
Location & Context
Basemap © OpenFreeMap · OSM · official boundary (AWARE, rebuilt)
Fusion Explanation
Measured · APWRIMS
12.32 mbgl
137 observation months
Rainfall / ET context
157.6 mm
climate balance: Balanced
Modelled nowcast
14.43 m
model P10–P90 11.02–17.66 m · Stress
The measured trend is declining without a positive climatic water balance (Balanced). Climate balance remains context and is not direct recharge.
This seasongauge rain, soil moisture and storage
APWRIMS · research use
Gauge rain, 1 Jun to 17 Oct 2026−42% against normal

325 mm against a normal of 560 mm · Deficient · 21 rainy days · 3 gauges

Last month: 110 mm against 148 mm.

Measured: AP DES mandal rain gauges via APWRIMS.

Soil moisture, 18 Oct 202616% at 30 cm · usual 60%
  • 5 cm31%
  • 30 cm16%
  • 100 cm15%
  • 150 cm16%

3rd driest of 13 years for this date (range 5 to 97%). A week earlier: 21%.

Modelled: NRSC VIC land-surface model via APWRIMS; plant-available water as a share of what the soil holds.

Signals pointing to stress3 of 3 usable
  • Groundwater shortfall flaggedyes
  • Gauge rain 20% or more below normalyes
  • Soil among the driest quarter of years for the dateyes

A count of stated tests, not a score. The soil model is driven by rainfall, so those two are not independent.

Crop vegetation, 17 Sep to 14 Oct 202619 · severely below normal

Weekly since 25 Jun; dashed lines at 40 and 60, the drought manual’s class limits. Cropland is about 50% of this mandal's land.

Satellite index: NOAA STAR VHP, 4 km weekly, weighted to cropland (ESA WorldCover 2021). Plant vigour against the same weeks in other years, not yield.

Groundwater assessment 2025-2026Safe · 62% of the extractable groundwater drawn
  • Irrigation14.8
  • Domestic1.8

16.6 of 26.8 million m³ a year (bars: share of the extractable resource, figures in million m³). 2024-2025: Over-exploited, 108%.

Official: CGWB and the AP State Ground Water Department, GEC-2015 method, via INGRES; unit Durgi.

Reservoirs in Palnadu, 19 Oct 2026
  • Nagarjuna Sagar60.2%98.6% a year ago
  • Pulichinthala Project61.9%96.4% a year ago
  • Buggavagu49.1%89% a year ago

Storage at the dam, measured. Whether its canals reach this mandal needs the command-area map, which is not public.

Compare across the state
The State network’s latest reading
AWARE groundwater feed · one reading, not a monthly mean
Latest reading15.99 mbelow ground, 9 Sep 2026 · State band 6–20 m
Since May1.40 m deeperpre-monsoon 14.59 m
Against a year ago5.56 m deeper10.43 m then
Stations2wells averaged

Our monthly series ends Aug 2026 at 16.02 m; the State reading is the same since then. It is shown beside our series, not merged into it, and the model does not use it.

Assembly constituency
Macherla
Parliamentary constituency
Narasaraopet
Revenue division
Gurazala
LGD mandal code
05042
Official area
382.6 km²
Outline drawn
official boundary (AWARE, rebuilt)

AP AWARE groundwater feed (groundwater_aggregatedreadings_api) via the AI Living Labs data lake. Readings 1 Sep–9 Sep 2026.

Every constituency
Drought manual checkKharif 2026 · rain to 11 Oct 2026
steps 1–2 · not a declaration

Durgi

Palnadu district · official boundary (AWARE, rebuilt)
No trigger
Step 1 · Trigger 1Not set
Rainfall vs normal−40%325 mm against 540 mm · Deficient. Table 3.1 (IMD): normal +19 to −19%, deficient −20 to −59%, large deficient −60 to −99%, no rain −100%. Measured: AP DES gauges via APWRIMS.
Longest dry spell2 wk3.2.1 B: consecutive weeks after the monsoon's due onset with under 50% of the week's normal; usually 4 weeks, 3 on light soils.
1 Jundashed line: half of normal11 Oct
SPI route (satellite)−1.71Severely dry; would set Trigger 1 on its own route. 3.2.1 C: SPI below −1 is a deficit; below −1.5 sets Trigger 1 without a dry spell. CHIRPS v3 since 1981.
Trigger 1 not set: deficient, but no dry spell and not large-deficient. Table 3.11: a dry spell sets Trigger 1. Without one, only large-deficient rainfall (or SPI below −1.5) does.
Step 2 · Trigger 2 · 3 of 3 indicatorsSevere (not reached)
Remote sensing · VCI Severe30Table 3.4: VCI 60–100 normal, 40–60 moderate, 0–40 severe. NOAA STAR VHP, 4 km, last four weeks. Satellite index over all vegetation; coarser than the manual prefers.
Soil moisture · PASM Severe19%Usual for the date 60%. This date read Severe in 6 of 12 earlier years. Table 3.6 (2020): PASM 76–100 no drought, 51–75 moderate, 0–50 severe. The State may recalibrate. Modelled: NRSC VIC at 30 cm via APWRIMS, four-week mean.
Hydrology · GWDI Severe−0.47Severe: 15.8 m below ground against a 8.3 m mean for the month, 12 years. Table 3.9: GWDI above −0.15 normal, to −0.30 mild, to −0.45 moderate, to −0.60 severe, below extreme. Measured: APWRIMS wells.
Agriculture · area sown n/a—Not published per mandal: the Agriculture department holds it. 3.2.3.1: sown area under 85% of normal is drought; 75% or less is severe.
3.3.1 Step 2: severe if two of three are severe and the third at least moderate; moderate if two are moderate or worse.
Step 3 · the State
No field verification is called for unless Trigger 2 is set.
Every mandal on the Drought Watch
Aquifer Water Balancerainfall minus actual ET
TerraClimate 2025
Annual rainfall1,091.07 mm
Modelled actual ET856.27 mm
Annual rainfall minus actual ET+234.8 mm
Balanced

Rainfall minus modelled actual ET is climatic context, not crop water requirement, groundwater recharge, pumping or safe yield.

TerraClimate 2025 annual actual ET vs rainfall (~4 km, modeled). Not groundwater depth or a field irrigation instruction.
Measured History · APWRIMS-format
2014-06 – 2026-09
15.85m below ground
2026-09monsoon
015302014201620182020202220242026
Measured (APWRIMS) Modelled nowcast · p10–p90 Monsoon (Jun–Sep)Depth increases downward — a higher fill is a shallower water table.
Show the numbers
Depth to water by month, metres below ground (APWRIMS)
MonthDepth (m)
Sep 202615.85
Aug 202616.02
Jul 202614.34
Jun 202612.52
May 202614.59
Apr 202611.55
Mar 202611.02
Feb 202610.46
Jan 20267.85
Dec 20255.24
Nov 20253.19
Oct 20255.63
Sep 20255.78
Aug 202512.42
Jul 202512.88
Jun 202513.77
May 202513.27
Apr 202512.69
Mar 202511.23
Feb 202511.13
Jan 202510.52
Dec 202410.71
Nov 20248.78
Oct 20245.77
Sep 20245.28
Aug 202412.88
Jul 202411.89
Jun 202414.02
May 202415.97
Apr 202418.77
Mar 202418.41
Feb 202414.02
Jan 20249.18
Dec 202310.18
Nov 202310.91
Oct 20239.56
Sep 20236.90
Aug 202313.79
Jul 202315.80
Jun 202313.87
May 20238.73
Apr 202313.31
Mar 202312.64
Feb 202310.64
Jan 20239.66
Dec 202210.31
Nov 20229.98
Oct 20226.18
Sep 20229.96
Aug 202210.30
Jul 202211.14
May 202212.31
Mar 20229.24
Aug 20219.12
Jul 20219.55
May 202114.81
Feb 202112.38
Jan 202112.10
Dec 20208.75
Nov 20207.67
Oct 20209.66
Sep 20206.45
Aug 20209.26
Jul 20209.68
Jun 202018.15
May 202017.11
Apr 202018.15
Mar 202018.63
Feb 202016.05
Jan 202014.16
Dec 201912.72
Nov 20199.88
Oct 20198.16
Sep 201912.06
Aug 201915.12
Jul 201916.82
Jun 201916.90
May 201920.03
Apr 201920.81
Mar 201921.70
Feb 201918.65
Jan 201916.68
Dec 201815.75
Nov 201813.95
Oct 201812.03
Sep 201810.11
Aug 201812.46
Jul 201816.49
Jun 201819.05
May 201819.38
Apr 201816.87
Mar 201816.33
Feb 201813.38
Jan 201823.38
Dec 201711.15
Nov 20178.47
Oct 20177.61
Sep 20177.13
Aug 20176.80
Jul 201713.53
Jun 201718.37
May 201718.48
Apr 201717.35
Mar 201715.19
Feb 201712.98
Jan 201712.37
Dec 201610.57
Nov 20167.06
Oct 20164.83
Sep 20162.76
Aug 201611.09
Jul 201617.68
Jun 201615.91
May 201619.04
Apr 201622.10
Mar 201618.80
Feb 201619.88
Jan 201619.64
Dec 201514.35
Nov 201510.74
Oct 201510.80
Sep 20158.89
Aug 201511.43
Jul 201517.48
Jun 201510.52
May 201516.57
Apr 201513.63
Mar 201512.15
Feb 201510.85
Jan 201510.47
Dec 20149.21
Nov 20146.83
Oct 20144.51
Sep 20148.97
Aug 20147.67
Jul 201413.96
Jun 201416.88
APWRIMS-format monthly observations (m below ground). The dashed extension is the modelled nowcast — 14.43 m, P10–P90 11.02–17.66 m — not a measurement.
Monsoon Cycle · Recharge by Year
pre-monsoon May vs post-monsoon November
Typical monsoon recovery+8.32 mmedian across 10 paired years
Weakest recovery-2.18 min 2023
  1. 2015▲ 5.83 m
  2. 2016▲ 11.98 m
  3. 2017▲ 10.01 m
  4. 2018▲ 5.44 m
  5. 2019▲ 10.15 m
  6. 2020▲ 9.44 m
  7. 2022▲ 2.33 m
  8. 2023▼ 2.18 m
  9. 2024▲ 7.20 m
  10. 2025▲ 10.08 m
Pre-monsoon (May) — the annual low Post-monsoon (Nov) — after rechargeRecovery is the metres the water table rose over the monsoon. A short bar is a monsoon that did not refill the aquifer.
Derived from the measured APWRIMS-format history, not modelled. Years without both a May and a November reading are omitted rather than interpolated.
Data Quality & Freshness
Observation records137
Latest observation period2026-09
Satellite sample—
Measured labelAPWRIMS (AP-GWD)
Boundarypublic_prototype
137 observation months; modelled.
Data Sources
Measured Input · APWRIMS
APWRIMS mandal reading (2014-2026)
NASA Satellite-Model (GRACE-DA)
Real percentiles 0–100 · —
CHIRPS Rainfall Context
Monthly areal average · not direct measured recharge
Boundary Source
The State's outline (AWARE), rebuilt from its points · 382.6 km²
Recommended Action
Collect an additional field observation before interpretation
Review the APWRIMS-format observation history
Reassess once the authorised APWRIMS export arrives
Do not treat as official until the APWRIMS export is authorised
Action Output
AWARE / APWRIMS Action Output (Preview)
{
  "district_name": "PALNADU",
  "mandal_name": "DURGI",
  "status": "Groundwater stress indicator",
  "confidence_label": "Moderate",
  "recommended_action": "Review the measured history and field-verify conditions.",
  "source_caveat": "Unreleased preview; field verification and official schema required."
}
Prototype InsightAPWRIMS reading + real NASA satellite-model percentileNot official until the APWRIMS export is authorised · official boundary (AWARE, rebuilt)Go to watchlist