AP Water Intelligence
Andhra Pradesh Groundwater Assessment

Mandal Insights

APWRIMS-format readings fused with NASA/NDMC GRACE-DA satellite-model signals.

Prototype. Prototype results do not replace official field measurements or APWRIMS outputs.
OverviewMandal InsightsSirvel

Sirvel Mandal

Nandyal District · 115 observation months
VerifyModerate ConfidenceCGWB 2024Safe Back to map
Historical Median Depth
1.52 mbgl
Available history / latest 2026-09
Observation Months
115
APWRIMS (AP-GWD)
NASA GW Percentile
4.6
Very Dry
Root-Zone Moisture
3.3
Very Dry
Surface Moisture
0.2
Very Dry
Overall Agreement
Decline without positive climate balance
Data Completeness
V2
Moderate
Rainfall Context
158.6 mm
CHIRPS · Sep 2026
Location & Context
Basemap © OpenFreeMap · OSM · official boundary (AWARE, rebuilt)
Fusion Explanation
Measured · APWRIMS
1.52 mbgl
115 observation months
Rainfall / ET context
158.6 mm
climate balance: Balanced
Modelled nowcast
11.6 m
model P10–P90 7.73–15.05 m · Verify
The measured trend is declining without a positive climatic water balance (Balanced). Climate balance remains context and is not direct recharge.
This seasongauge rain, soil moisture and storage
APWRIMS · research use
Gauge rain, 1 Jun to 17 Oct 2026−57% against normal

296 mm against a normal of 684 mm · Deficient · 25 rainy days · 5 gauges

Last month: 92 mm against 160 mm.

Measured: AP DES mandal rain gauges via APWRIMS.

Soil moisture, 18 Oct 202616% at 30 cm · usual 49%
  • 5 cm19%
  • 30 cm16%
  • 100 cm26%
  • 150 cm30%

2nd driest of 13 years for this date (range 15 to 100%). A week earlier: 17%.

Modelled: NRSC VIC land-surface model via APWRIMS; plant-available water as a share of what the soil holds.

Signals pointing to stress3 of 3 usable
  • Groundwater shortfall flaggedyes
  • Gauge rain 20% or more below normalyes
  • Soil among the driest quarter of years for the dateyes

A count of stated tests, not a score. The soil model is driven by rainfall, so those two are not independent.

Crop vegetation, 17 Sep to 14 Oct 202616 · severely below normal

Weekly since 25 Jun; dashed lines at 40 and 60, the drought manual’s class limits. Cropland is about 96% of this mandal's land.

Satellite index: NOAA STAR VHP, 4 km weekly, weighted to cropland (ESA WorldCover 2021). Plant vigour against the same weeks in other years, not yield.

Groundwater assessment 2025-2026Safe · 7% of the extractable groundwater drawn
  • Irrigation4.7
  • Domestic0.2
  • Industry<0.1

4.9 of 73.3 million m³ a year (bars: share of the extractable resource, figures in million m³). 2024-2025: Safe, 9%.

Official: CGWB and the AP State Ground Water Department, GEC-2015 method, via INGRES; unit Sirvel.

Reservoirs in Nandyal, 19 Oct 2026
  • Srisailam R27.5%93% a year ago
  • Velogodu Balancing Reservoir46.8%98.1% a year ago
  • Gorakkalu Balancing Reservior84.5%94% a year ago

Storage at the dam, measured. Whether its canals reach this mandal needs the command-area map, which is not public.

Compare across the state
The State network’s latest reading
AWARE groundwater feed · one reading, not a monthly mean
Latest reading14.94 mbelow ground, 9 Sep 2026 · State band 6–20 m
Since May12.87 m deeperpre-monsoon 2.07 m
Against a year ago13.95 m deeper0.99 m then
Stations1one well carries this mandal

Our monthly series ends Aug 2026 at 13.95 m; the State reading is 0.99 m deeper since then. It is shown beside our series, not merged into it, and the model does not use it.

Assembly constituency
Allagadda
Parliamentary constituency
Nandyal
Revenue division
Nandyal
LGD mandal code
05286
Official area
175.7 km²
Outline drawn
official boundary (AWARE, rebuilt)

AP AWARE groundwater feed (groundwater_aggregatedreadings_api) via the AI Living Labs data lake. Readings 1 Sep–9 Sep 2026.

Every constituency
Drought manual checkKharif 2026 · rain to 11 Oct 2026
steps 1–2 · not a declaration

Sirvel

Nandyal district · official boundary (AWARE, rebuilt)
Moderate
Step 1 · Trigger 1Set
Rainfall vs normal−57%291 mm against 671 mm · Deficient. Table 3.1 (IMD): normal +19 to −19%, deficient −20 to −59%, large deficient −60 to −99%, no rain −100%. Measured: AP DES gauges via APWRIMS.
Longest dry spell5 wk3.2.1 B: consecutive weeks after the monsoon's due onset with under 50% of the week's normal; usually 4 weeks, 3 on light soils.
1 Jundashed line: half of normal11 Oct
SPI route (satellite)−1.81Severely dry; would set Trigger 1 on its own route. 3.2.1 C: SPI below −1 is a deficit; below −1.5 sets Trigger 1 without a dry spell. CHIRPS v3 since 1981.
Trigger 1 set by a dry spell. Table 3.11: a dry spell sets Trigger 1. Without one, only large-deficient rainfall (or SPI below −1.5) does.
Step 2 · Trigger 2 · 3 of 3 indicatorsModerate
Remote sensing · VCI Severe23Table 3.4: VCI 60–100 normal, 40–60 moderate, 0–40 severe. NOAA STAR VHP, 4 km, last four weeks. Satellite index over all vegetation; coarser than the manual prefers.
Soil moisture · PASM Severe18%Usual for the date 49%. This date read Severe in 6 of 12 earlier years. Table 3.6 (2020): PASM 76–100 no drought, 51–75 moderate, 0–50 severe. The State may recalibrate. Modelled: NRSC VIC at 30 cm via APWRIMS, four-week mean.
Hydrology · GWDI Normal−0.28Mild: 2.0 m below ground against a 1.3 m mean for the month, 10 years. Table 3.9: GWDI above −0.15 normal, to −0.30 mild, to −0.45 moderate, to −0.60 severe, below extreme. Measured: APWRIMS wells.
Agriculture · area sown n/a—Not published per mandal: the Agriculture department holds it. 3.2.3.1: sown area under 85% of normal is drought; 75% or less is severe.
3.3.1 Step 2: severe if two of three are severe and the third at least moderate; moderate if two are moderate or worse.
Step 3 · the State
Field verification due before harvest. 3.2.6: field checks in 10% of villages, about 5 sites per major crop; crop loss of 33% qualifies, over 50% for severe.
Every mandal on the Drought Watch
Aquifer Water Balancerainfall minus actual ET
TerraClimate 2025
Annual rainfall1,007.77 mm
Modelled actual ET850.47 mm
Annual rainfall minus actual ET+157.3 mm
Balanced

Rainfall minus modelled actual ET is climatic context, not crop water requirement, groundwater recharge, pumping or safe yield.

TerraClimate 2025 annual actual ET vs rainfall (~4 km, modeled). Not groundwater depth or a field irrigation instruction.
Measured History · APWRIMS-format
2016-05 – 2026-09
2.01m below ground
2026-09monsoon
01325201620182020202220242026
Measured (APWRIMS) Modelled nowcast · p10–p90 Monsoon (Jun–Sep)Depth increases downward — a higher fill is a shallower water table.
Show the numbers
Depth to water by month, metres below ground (APWRIMS)
MonthDepth (m)
Sep 20262.01
Aug 202613.95
Jul 20262.74
Jun 20263.31
May 20262.07
Apr 20261.18
Mar 20261.01
Feb 20260.95
Jan 20260.71
Dec 20251.20
Nov 20251.04
Oct 20251.00
Sep 20251.50
Aug 20250.77
Jul 20252.45
Jun 20252.13
May 20252.39
Apr 20251.43
Mar 20256.01
Feb 20252.69
Jan 20251.14
Dec 20241.25
Nov 20240.83
Oct 20240.88
Sep 20241.04
Aug 20241.00
Jul 20241.00
May 20244.28
Apr 202418.78
Mar 20248.63
Feb 20248.63
Jan 20244.75
Dec 20233.80
Nov 20231.27
Oct 20231.50
Sep 20232.49
Aug 20232.65
Jul 20231.97
May 20232.40
Apr 20231.64
Mar 20231.19
Feb 20232.25
Jan 20232.32
Dec 20221.93
Nov 20220.83
Oct 20220.58
Sep 20220.65
Aug 20220.90
Jun 20225.24
May 20228.37
Apr 20225.04
Mar 20224.69
Feb 20224.02
Jan 20223.59
Aug 20210.78
Jul 20210.91
May 20211.91
Feb 20210.95
Jan 20210.93
Dec 20201.46
Nov 20200.92
Oct 20201.16
Sep 20201.16
Aug 20201.16
Jul 20200.14
Jun 20200.44
May 20200.15
Apr 20200.44
Mar 20201.05
Feb 20201.47
Jan 20203.04
Dec 20191.26
Nov 20192.02
Oct 20192.03
Sep 20191.00
Aug 20194.24
Jul 20194.24
Jun 20193.83
May 20193.63
Apr 201911.55
Mar 201911.43
Feb 20194.69
Jan 20191.83
Dec 20181.70
Nov 20181.12
Oct 20181.18
Sep 20180.94
Aug 20180.98
Jul 20183.78
Jun 20183.05
May 20183.51
Apr 20183.20
Mar 20183.42
Feb 20181.31
Jan 20181.29
Dec 20171.25
Nov 20171.16
Oct 20170.96
Sep 20171.09
Aug 20171.01
Jul 20171.67
Jun 20171.46
May 20173.55
Apr 20174.56
Mar 20176.66
Feb 20173.57
Jan 20173.46
Dec 20161.52
Nov 20161.47
Oct 20161.27
Sep 20161.12
Aug 20161.07
Jul 20162.09
Jun 20162.46
May 20167.55
APWRIMS-format monthly observations (m below ground). The dashed extension is the modelled nowcast — 11.6 m, P10–P90 7.73–15.05 m — not a measurement.
Monsoon Cycle · Recharge by Year
pre-monsoon May vs post-monsoon November
Typical monsoon recovery+2.39 mmedian across 9 paired years
Weakest recovery-0.77 min 2020
  1. 2016▲ 6.08 m
  2. 2017▲ 2.39 m
  3. 2018▲ 2.39 m
  4. 2019▲ 1.61 m
  5. 2020▼ 0.77 m
  6. 2022▲ 7.54 m
  7. 2023▲ 1.13 m
  8. 2024▲ 3.45 m
  9. 2025▲ 1.35 m
Pre-monsoon (May) — the annual low Post-monsoon (Nov) — after rechargeRecovery is the metres the water table rose over the monsoon. A short bar is a monsoon that did not refill the aquifer.
Derived from the measured APWRIMS-format history, not modelled. Years without both a May and a November reading are omitted rather than interpolated.
Data Quality & Freshness
Observation records115
Latest observation period2026-09
Satellite sample—
Measured labelAPWRIMS (AP-GWD)
Boundarypublic_prototype
115 observation months; modelled.
Data Sources
Measured Input · APWRIMS
APWRIMS mandal reading (2014-2026)
NASA Satellite-Model (GRACE-DA)
Real percentiles 0–100 · —
CHIRPS Rainfall Context
Monthly areal average · not direct measured recharge
Boundary Source
The State's outline (AWARE), rebuilt from its points · 175.7 km²
Recommended Action
Collect an additional field observation before interpretation
Review the APWRIMS-format observation history
Reassess once the authorised APWRIMS export arrives
Do not treat as official until the APWRIMS export is authorised
Action Output
AWARE / APWRIMS Action Output (Preview)
{
  "district_name": "NANDYAL",
  "mandal_name": "SIRVEL",
  "status": "Field verification needed",
  "confidence_label": "Moderate",
  "recommended_action": "Review the observation history and field-verify before use.",
  "source_caveat": "Unreleased preview; field verification and official schema required."
}
Prototype InsightAPWRIMS reading + real NASA satellite-model percentileNot official until the APWRIMS export is authorised · official boundary (AWARE, rebuilt)Go to watchlist