AP Water Intelligence
Andhra Pradesh Groundwater Assessment

Mandal Insights

APWRIMS-format readings fused with NASA/NDMC GRACE-DA satellite-model signals.

Prototype. Prototype results do not replace official field measurements or APWRIMS outputs.
OverviewMandal InsightsYeddana Pudi

Yeddana Pudi Mandal

Bapatla District · 137 observation months
StressHigh ConfidenceCGWB 2024Not assessed Back to map
Historical Median Depth
6.42 mbgl
Available history / latest 2026-09
Observation Months
137
APWRIMS (AP-GWD)
NASA GW Percentile
7.2
Very Dry
Root-Zone Moisture
0.9
Very Dry
Surface Moisture
0.4
Very Dry
Overall Agreement
Decline despite positive climate balance
Data Completeness
V2
High
Rainfall Context
256.1 mm
CHIRPS · Sep 2026
Location & Context
Basemap © OpenFreeMap · OSM · official boundary (AWARE, rebuilt)
Fusion Explanation
Measured · APWRIMS
6.42 mbgl
137 observation months
Rainfall / ET context
256.1 mm
climate balance: Surplus
Modelled nowcast
4.05 m
model P10–P90 2.93–5.06 m · Stress
The measured trend is declining while the climatic water balance is surplus. This is a context mismatch to investigate, not evidence of a specific cause.
This seasongauge rain, soil moisture and storage
APWRIMS · research use
Gauge rain, 1 Jun to 17 Oct 2026−58% against normal

251 mm against a normal of 603 mm · Deficient · 18 rainy days · 2 gauges

Last month: 145 mm against 154 mm.

Measured: AP DES mandal rain gauges via APWRIMS.

Soil moisture, 18 Oct 202625% at 30 cm · usual 87%
  • 5 cm34%
  • 30 cm25%
  • 100 cm29%
  • 150 cm31%

driest of 13 years for this date (range 34 to 100%). A week earlier: 53%.

Modelled: NRSC VIC land-surface model via APWRIMS; plant-available water as a share of what the soil holds.

Signals pointing to stress3 of 3 usable
  • Groundwater shortfall flaggedyes
  • Gauge rain 20% or more below normalyes
  • Soil among the driest quarter of years for the dateyes

A count of stated tests, not a score. The soil model is driven by rainfall, so those two are not independent.

Crop vegetation, 17 Sep to 14 Oct 20260 · severely below normal

Weekly since 25 Jun; dashed lines at 40 and 60, the drought manual’s class limits. Cropland is about 98% of this mandal's land.

Satellite index: NOAA STAR VHP, 4 km weekly, weighted to cropland (ESA WorldCover 2021). Plant vigour against the same weeks in other years, not yield.

Groundwater assessment 2025-2026Safe · 21% of the extractable groundwater drawn
  • Irrigation0.6
  • Domestic0.2

0.9 of 8.7 million m³ a year (bars: share of the extractable resource, figures in million m³). 2024-2025: Safe, 18%.

Official: CGWB and the AP State Ground Water Department, GEC-2015 method, via INGRES; unit Yeddanapudi.

Compare across the state
The State network’s latest reading
AWARE groundwater feed · one reading, not a monthly mean
Latest reading4.62 mbelow ground, 9 Sep 2026 · State band 3–6 m
Since May0.82 m deeperpre-monsoon 3.80 m
Against a year ago1.35 m deeper3.27 m then
Stations1one well carries this mandal

Our monthly series ends Aug 2026 at 4.64 m; the State reading is the same since then. It is shown beside our series, not merged into it, and the model does not use it.

Assembly constituency
Parchur
Parliamentary constituency
Bapatla (SC)
Revenue division
Bapatla
LGD mandal code
05107
Official area
106.5 km²
Outline drawn
official boundary (AWARE, rebuilt)

AP AWARE groundwater feed (groundwater_aggregatedreadings_api) via the AI Living Labs data lake. Readings 1 Sep–9 Sep 2026.

Every constituency
Drought manual checkKharif 2026 · rain to 11 Oct 2026
steps 1–2 · not a declaration

Yeddana Pudi

Bapatla district · official boundary (AWARE, rebuilt)
Moderate
Step 1 · Trigger 1Set
Rainfall vs normal−58%240 mm against 577 mm · Deficient. Table 3.1 (IMD): normal +19 to −19%, deficient −20 to −59%, large deficient −60 to −99%, no rain −100%. Measured: AP DES gauges via APWRIMS.
Longest dry spell12 wk3.2.1 B: consecutive weeks after the monsoon's due onset with under 50% of the week's normal; usually 4 weeks, 3 on light soils.
1 Jundashed line: half of normal11 Oct
SPI route (satellite)−0.42Near normal; would set Trigger 1 on its own route. 3.2.1 C: SPI below −1 is a deficit; below −1.5 sets Trigger 1 without a dry spell. CHIRPS v3 since 1981.
Trigger 1 set by a dry spell. Table 3.11: a dry spell sets Trigger 1. Without one, only large-deficient rainfall (or SPI below −1.5) does.
Step 2 · Trigger 2 · 3 of 3 indicatorsModerate
Remote sensing · VCI Severe0Table 3.4: VCI 60–100 normal, 40–60 moderate, 0–40 severe. NOAA STAR VHP, 4 km, last four weeks. Satellite index over all vegetation; coarser than the manual prefers.
Soil moisture · PASM Severe46%Usual for the date 87%. This date read Severe in 3 of 12 earlier years. Table 3.6 (2020): PASM 76–100 no drought, 51–75 moderate, 0–50 severe. The State may recalibrate. Modelled: NRSC VIC at 30 cm via APWRIMS, four-week mean.
Hydrology · GWDI Normal+0.14Normal: 4.5 m below ground against a 8.1 m mean for the month, 12 years. Table 3.9: GWDI above −0.15 normal, to −0.30 mild, to −0.45 moderate, to −0.60 severe, below extreme. Measured: APWRIMS wells.
Agriculture · area sown n/a—Not published per mandal: the Agriculture department holds it. 3.2.3.1: sown area under 85% of normal is drought; 75% or less is severe.
3.3.1 Step 2: severe if two of three are severe and the third at least moderate; moderate if two are moderate or worse.
Step 3 · the State
Field verification due before harvest. 3.2.6: field checks in 10% of villages, about 5 sites per major crop; crop loss of 33% qualifies, over 50% for severe.
Every mandal on the Drought Watch
Aquifer Water Balancerainfall minus actual ET
TerraClimate 2025
Annual rainfall1,384.33 mm
Modelled actual ET844.83 mm
Annual rainfall minus actual ET+539.5 mm
Surplus

Rainfall minus modelled actual ET is climatic context, not crop water requirement, groundwater recharge, pumping or safe yield.

TerraClimate 2025 annual actual ET vs rainfall (~4 km, modeled). Not groundwater depth or a field irrigation instruction.
Measured History · APWRIMS-format
2014-06 – 2026-09
4.54m below ground
2026-09monsoon
030602014201620182020202220242026
Measured (APWRIMS) Modelled nowcast · p10–p90 Monsoon (Jun–Sep)Depth increases downward — a higher fill is a shallower water table.
Show the numbers
Depth to water by month, metres below ground (APWRIMS)
MonthDepth (m)
Sep 20264.54
Aug 20264.64
Jul 20264.32
Jun 20263.79
May 20263.80
Apr 20263.54
Mar 20263.00
Feb 20262.86
Jan 20262.56
Dec 20252.00
Nov 20251.64
Oct 20252.36
Sep 20253.30
Aug 20253.26
Jul 20253.36
Jun 20253.65
May 20253.70
Apr 20254.52
Mar 20254.25
Feb 20253.93
Jan 20253.57
Dec 20243.13
Nov 20242.90
Oct 20242.53
Sep 20243.32
Aug 20244.54
Jul 20244.07
Jun 20244.49
May 20244.44
Apr 20243.54
Mar 20243.34
Feb 20242.70
Jan 20242.43
Dec 20231.72
Nov 20233.22
Oct 20233.55
Sep 20233.38
Aug 20233.50
Jul 20233.13
Jun 20233.28
May 20234.47
Apr 20233.18
Mar 20232.85
Feb 20232.41
Jan 20233.84
Dec 20223.73
Nov 20223.48
Oct 20222.75
Sep 20223.35
Aug 20223.60
Jul 20223.65
May 20224.73
Mar 20223.03
Aug 20216.36
Jul 20217.87
May 20216.20
Feb 20216.20
Jan 20216.20
Dec 20206.20
Nov 20205.52
Oct 20208.81
Sep 20207.75
Aug 20208.81
Jul 20208.82
Jun 20206.43
May 20209.30
Apr 20206.43
Mar 20207.04
Feb 20206.58
Jan 20207.79
Dec 20196.90
Nov 201914.68
Oct 20198.10
Sep 201910.80
Aug 201916.54
Jul 201911.65
Jun 201917.16
May 201917.31
Apr 201916.98
Mar 201915.93
Feb 201912.78
Jan 201912.50
Dec 201812.51
Nov 201810.82
Oct 201810.30
Sep 20189.85
Aug 201811.98
Jul 201811.80
Jun 201810.78
May 201810.94
Apr 20189.68
Mar 20188.93
Feb 20187.88
Jan 201820.39
Dec 20176.39
Nov 201752.90
Oct 20172.18
Sep 20174.77
Aug 20175.16
Jul 20175.72
Jun 20178.41
May 20178.23
Apr 20179.55
Mar 20179.38
Feb 20178.38
Jan 20178.09
Dec 20168.15
Nov 20165.94
Oct 20166.46
Sep 20165.77
Aug 20166.61
Jul 20166.88
Jun 20166.71
May 20166.42
Apr 20167.04
Mar 20166.74
Feb 20166.74
Jan 201632.43
Dec 201526.68
Nov 201529.73
Oct 201523.68
Sep 201525.25
Aug 201527.43
Jul 201518.10
Jun 201519.65
May 201518.40
Apr 20152.37
Mar 20152.18
Feb 201511.33
Jan 20159.76
Dec 20148.83
Nov 20148.18
Oct 201410.62
Sep 201415.12
Aug 201422.42
Jul 201422.75
Jun 201417.01
APWRIMS-format monthly observations (m below ground). The dashed extension is the modelled nowcast — 4.05 m, P10–P90 2.93–5.06 m — not a measurement.
Monsoon Cycle · Recharge by Year
pre-monsoon May vs post-monsoon November
Typical monsoon recovery+1.25 mmedian across 10 paired years
Weakest recovery-44.67 min 2017
  1. 2015▼ 11.33 m
  2. 2016▲ 0.48 m
  3. 2017▼ 44.67 m
  4. 2018▲ 0.12 m
  5. 2019▲ 2.64 m
  6. 2020▲ 3.78 m
  7. 2022▲ 1.25 m
  8. 2023▲ 1.25 m
  9. 2024▲ 1.54 m
  10. 2025▲ 2.06 m
Pre-monsoon (May) — the annual low Post-monsoon (Nov) — after rechargeRecovery is the metres the water table rose over the monsoon. A short bar is a monsoon that did not refill the aquifer.
Derived from the measured APWRIMS-format history, not modelled. Years without both a May and a November reading are omitted rather than interpolated.
Data Quality & Freshness
Observation records137
Latest observation period2026-09
Satellite sample—
Measured labelAPWRIMS (AP-GWD)
Boundarypublic_prototype
137 observation months; modelled.
Data Sources
Measured Input · APWRIMS
APWRIMS mandal reading (2014-2026)
NASA Satellite-Model (GRACE-DA)
Real percentiles 0–100 · —
CHIRPS Rainfall Context
Monthly areal average · not direct measured recharge
Boundary Source
The State's outline (AWARE), rebuilt from its points · 106.5 km²
Recommended Action
Review the measured history and climate-context mismatch
Field-verify the current groundwater level
Review extraction and cropping context without assuming causation
Confirm with official APWRIMS data before operational use
Action Output
AWARE / APWRIMS Action Output (Preview)
{
  "district_name": "BAPATLA",
  "mandal_name": "YEDDANA PUDI",
  "status": "Groundwater stress indicator",
  "confidence_label": "High",
  "recommended_action": "Review the measured history and field-verify conditions.",
  "source_caveat": "Unreleased preview; field verification and official schema required."
}
Prototype InsightAPWRIMS reading + real NASA satellite-model percentileNot official until the APWRIMS export is authorised · official boundary (AWARE, rebuilt)Go to watchlist